The Impact of Recent Population Growth of High Wycombe on the Indigenous Residence

Introduction

High Wycombe is the town that is located on the rolling countryside of Chiltern Hills. The museum in High Wycombe showcases the local art and furniture as their cultural heritage. One of the attractive features of the High Wycombe is that it possesses the century old houses with lush green gardens which appears to attract the tourist to admire the art of housing before a century. The High Wycombe town is considered as the well established and developed town and it is located in the Southern half of the Buckinghamshire (Buckinghamshire Council, 2020). The name of the Wycombe is derived from two distinctive natural feature/landscape. The name of Wy is originated from the name of the river, and the name of Combe is originated from the landscape of the wood valley. This is how the name of the Wycombe was generated. On the other hand, the town was also known as the mill town due to the fact that during the times of Medieval and Tudor, High Wycombe was focused on carrying out mill town activities (Ryken, 2017). The mill town activity or the manufacturing activity that was carried out in High Wycombe included manufacturing of linen clothing and lacework. This activity of manufacturing made the town interesting, popular, and resourceful in comparison with other towns such as Aylesbury.

The population growth is one of the factors which plays a vital role for town and cities for development. When the population grows, the people living in a town take considerable action to stimulate the growth in the area as the place is becoming the centre of attraction for the residents and migrants alike. However, the growth in population in High Wycombe started to increase since 1854, after the development of the railway network in this area. The development of the railway network in the area allowed the people to commute easily into High Wycombe due to the various network links such as London Marylebone which stimulated the growth of population. On the other hand, the increase in the population growth of High Wycombe is also due to the commercial success of wooden furniture (Schoonenboom, 2017). Moreover, from the era of 1881 to 1928, the population has grown from 13,000 to 29,000 which showcase an increase of 16,000 within 47 years. This is the population that has migrated to High Wycombe in the in this era after the development of railway commute and commercial success of wooden furniture. The development and migration of the people to High Wycombe are one of the reasons which are creating development opportunities, investment in properties, and to fulfil the beneficial needs. The people of London can also easily commute to High Wycombe as now the area is easily accessible by the population. 

Aim and Objectives of the Research

This research aims to assess the recent population growth of High Wycombe on the indigenous residence. This aim is focused on analysing the impact of population growth on the overall development of the High Wycombe.

The objectives of the research are mentioned below.

1. To assess the growth of population in High Wycombe.
2. To determine people and places in High Wycombe have changed over time.
3. To evaluate the continual change of an area is influencing people’s perception.
4. To analyse communities in the past and present is affected by population growth.

Research Questions

1. To assess the growth of population in High Wycombe.
2. How people and places in High Wycombe have changed over time?
3. How continual change of an area is influencing people’s perception?
4. How communities in the past and present is affected by population growth?

Literature Review

Population Growth in High Wycombe

Population growth has a major impact on the development of the town and cities as it is focused on bringing change and development in the places where the population is growing. The population usually migrate to the areas when it is found that opportunities are prevailing in the area and to exploit these opportunities, people usually migrate to earn benefit (Ryken, 2017). The opportunities are one of the reason due to which population in a particular area usually increase. The population growth as increase considerable in the area of High Wycombe and it is considered as the second largest town of County of Buckinghamshire after the Milton Keynes (Buckinghamshire Council, 2020). The population of High Wycombe appears to 125,257 in the year 2016 which is the second highest in the Buckinghamshire’s. The business activities in High Wycombe are also increasing due to the increase in economic development as the population is on the verge of rising. Moreover, the place of High Wycombe is considered as the high priority for the economic development because the population is consistently increasing in this area and it is considered as the second largest area in Buckinghamshire in terms of the population. The economic development activities are creating employment opportunities for the local people and also compelling another individual from different areas to migrate and exploit the opportunities which are increasing the overall population of the area (Schoonenboom, 2017). The regulatory authorities and government are also playing a key role in the infrastructure development and economic development of High Wycombe by facilitating the business opportunities so that the business growth can be achieved and the jobs are also created for the locals.

The focus of the government and regulators is to market and promote this district to attract the inward investment by the locals as well the people from different areas. The focus is also on increasing the visitor’s economy due to the fact that High Wycombe possesses cultural heritage building along with beautiful landscapes (Ryken, 2017). The tourist involvement in the area can also provide one of the opportunities to augment the overall development in the High Wycombe. The inward investment opportunities that are presented in High Wycombe include the investment in properties, manufacturing of linen clothing, and manufacturing of laces that is considered as the cultural work among the different investment opportunities. To support the economic development the government is also focused on supporting the small scale businesses due to the fact small scale businesses are considered as the lifeblood of the economy (Buckinghamshire Council, 2020). Therefore, there is an increased focus on the workspace providing in High Wycombe. On the other hand, several empty properties were located in the High Wycombe most of which were regenerated by the investors and still the wide range of properties for regeneration are available for investors. This could bring the inward investment in the High Wycombe.

Technology is also considered as one of the imminent ways in terms of the development of the area because now a days many businesses are dependent on the growth of technology in a particular area. The technology allows the businesses to carry out the business to operate efficiently and effectively. This allows businesses to grow and prosper and allows the population to migrate to technologically developed areas (Schoonenboom, 2017). Therefore, the connected counties program is implemented in  High Wycombe to roll out the superfast broadband in the areas so that the business opportunities along with the employment opportunities especially in the tertiary job sector can be created. The population growth has usually increased through the migration in the High Wycombe as the development procedures are rapidly taking place by the investors and regulatory authorities.

Changing Places (Spatial Change)

Wycombe has developed and changed concerning the places that involve peoples’ engagement over the recent years. Sports centre and the leisure centres are developed and changed which has also increased the population engagement in leisure activities and increased the interaction of the people with each other. This is one of the cores and interesting economic development to provide leisure time to the people of High Wycombe (Ryken, 2017). The work concerning the sports and leisure centre in High Wycombe has started in March 2014 with the intent to evolve and develop the people engagement site. On the other hand, the Buckinghamshire new university is also undergoing the development program for on campus development activity and refurbishment of campus. The progress speeded up in fast as it can be seen from the fact that the expansion facilities in the High Wycombe for the development of 11,185 square meters landmark building was started early in the year 2008a and it was completed at the fast pace in the autumn of 2009 (Buckinghamshire Council, 2020). The Welles Bourne campus of the university was built in the High Wycombe District along with the redevelopment or regeneration of the residential use has provided 238 homes in the district appears to be a great economic development with regard to the spatial change that enhanced people engagement and augmented the personal experiences of the people.

The university’s hall and conference room are opened at the former Comp air Broom wade site in High Wycombe Shugden. Work on the Central Building (Phase 2) has begun in 2013, and the two blocks of the first phase have been completed by 2014, providing 234 rooms, 15 minutes from the main building. The HW2 policy Repair, new opening and improvement of the Desborough River Corridor and the distribution outlines how to ensure new and improved development by restarting the area along the Wye River in and out (Schoonenboom, 2017). The policy created by the regulators assisted the residential and creates services to allow for a larger surface area. Earlier to the inaugural of the Eden Centre in March 2008, High Wycombe placed 114th amongst the 200 PROMIS cities in the PMA marketing campaign. After the inaugural of the Eden Centre, Wycombe’s rank has enhanced considerably, ranking 56th on the PROMIS list in 2011. Since then, High Wycombes position has steadily declined, which may reflect the reconstruction of other cities. High Wycombe is currently located in 167 of the 200 towns in PROMIS. The total score for each PROMIS event is based on the presence of non fashion stores and anchor stores in the fashion industry and each community. This logo reflects the size and dimensions of major stores, various stores and fashion stores (Ryken, 2017). The design and implementation of alternatives to community centred roads will help unite the community and provide a positive attitude towards people. In November 2013, the plan was approved for the execution of new links and alternative routes, and delivery of the first colour Westbourne Street Link, which was launched in 2014. Furthermore, the choice to augment Frog moor reduce the number of problems in the traffic area on different streets. Other options include a temporary city hall, more seating space, and making it easier for the bar to have tables and outdoor space. On the other hand. Frog moor’s options reduce the slope of the road and augment the road markings which assists in controlling traffic in the area (Buckinghamshire Council, 2020). Additional choices include a provisional city hall, extra seating space, and making it easier for the bar to have tables and outdoor space (Schoonenboom, 2017). On St. Mary’s Street and Paul’s Row, maintenance options include widening the road, refurbishing, providing more seating and plantation of trees. The High Wycombe city master plan also has the potential to create and deploy an alternative transportation route through the city, which will help unite the city and promote public prosperity. The plan to implement the alternative route was approved in June 2013 and completed in 2014. In the year 2014, 13 houses in rural areas were completed as development work. After the end of the year 2014, the 9 unit rural exception plan was completed in Great Kimble in 2013.

These are some of the development of that was carried out in the High Wycombe. The development in the area of the High Wycombe is of vital importance due to the fact that in augmented the personal experiences of the people and impacted the personal lives of the people. The development of the universities has provided an opportunity for the students to augment their learning and cope up with the exchange of information (Buckinghamshire Council, 2020). This has created the interest of other stakeholders to participate in the investment activities carried out in High Wycombe. The development over time appears to be the most imminent factors that have gauged the interest of the population toward migration in High Wycombe. 

Nature and Importance High Wycombe Impacting Economic Development

The Wycombe has grown modestly in terms of economic development and business activities along with the increase in population. By the 16th century, Chesham, Amersham, Marlow and even Great Missenden benefited from neighbouring London and gained a larger market share. The origin of Wycombe can be traced back two or three hundred years ago. Ashfords (1960) research and tax records show that there is evidence that the importance of Wycombe is waning. There are 9 people living on an income of £45 people (Ryken, 2017). Chiltern and Wycombe are the two towns competing for London to market the goods and services. Towns in Buckinghamshire, such as Aylesbury and Marlow, received royal authorisations in the mid 16th century, and also tried to eliminate threads set by their ancestors to prevent their past development. However, despite the economic disputes in other towns, Wycombe remained the most common resistance force in the area. The 1524 taxation showed that despite the financial crisis, it was one of the wealthiest town in Buckinghamshire.

It is alleged that the original foundation of the community was based on the triangular church and market. It may be listed in 1100 when the owner of the territory said he had collected taxes. In 1150 or 1160, it was thought that the crown was inspired by the construction of high streets and the short term plans of the bourgeoisie, which the bourgeoisie regarded as another sign of the local town (Ashford, 1960) (Schoonenboom, 2017). However, there is no conclusive evidence in Ashford’s statement that High Street is destined to be today. Many bourgeois characteristics have different characteristics. On both sides of the road, on the north side, the length of the structure usually varies between 110 and 124 meters, although the width of the scheme is limited to considering the power as a boundary. They often experience a series of visions according to economic conditions (Buckinghamshire Property, 2020). And fusion. In contrast, on the south side of the main road, the layout is slightly different, although the narrow sections on the east and west sides are short, usually between 134 and 110 meters. The history showcase that High Wycombe has provided important support to the economy and developed inspire of being far away from London which is considered as the business hub. 

The nature and importance of place in the city or town are of vital importance because it assists the city to generate economic activities. High Wycombe is known for the production of linen clothing along with the laces of these clothing (Schoonenboom, 2017). However, the economic development has also been carried out in the High Wycombe along with the development of university campuses that are impacting the interaction among the population and increasing the overall interest of the people (Buckinghamshire Property, 2020). Moreover, this has led to an increase in the migration of people; therefore, High Wycombe possesses the second largest population in terms of the population in Buckinghamshire.

Analysing the amount and level of land required for future employment, attention is paid to improving the performance of employment land supply in order to obtain economic prospects (Schoonenboom, 2017). While the criteria for showing value may be helpful to some extent, it is important that the outline of procurement requirements should not jeopardise the work of the council to provide support for housing supply and suitable equipment on the market in High Wycombe (Buckinghamshire Council, 2020). What is important is that the policy must reflect different types of investors and marketers (for example, the investment requirements for companies will be different from those for urban SMEs).

Changing Places concerning Relationship, Connections, Meaning & Representation

The meaning and representation of an area derives from society however it is the people who live within that who attach their own personal values and meanings that make it significant. High Wycombe has been one of the areas in Buckinghamshire to showcase the magnitude of changing place since the 19^th to the 21^st century.

High Wycombe has also provided an opportunity for cultural mix activities along with the strengthening of communities, the West Wycombe Park of national Trust is a magnificent park set amidst 18 acres of magnificent scenery with unparalleled views of the Chilterns community. The Victorian Secretary of State Benjamin Disraelis property is located in the beautiful Hughenden Manor, where students can visit with family museum near Great Missenden, the Roald Dahl Museum And the story centre (Buckinghamshire Property, 2020). Offering a variety of accommodation options, from magnificent Victorian mansions to elegant downtown buildings, making this city a world class experience. Although developers like Berkeley are building stylish and modern houses, they are only minutes away from the city centre. Abbey Barn Park is a brand new holiday home with beautiful countryside and 34 hectares of Country Park at its entrance.

Designed by Robert Adam, and the beautiful city hall with arcades, and the 12th century parish church which is considered as one of the largest churches in the country (Ryken, 2017). All these places showcase the cultural and community development among the people living in High Wycombe.

Methodology

This section is based on defining the selected methods for undertaking geographical research based on the population growth of High Wycombe. Along with highlighting the selected research methods, I have justified each of the selected research methods.

Research Design

Research design the overall strategy used by the researchers for conducting entire research (Schoonenboom and Johnson, 2017). It is mainly based on two different kinds, namely qualitative and quantitative. However, both techniques can be used at once, meaning, the research design becomes mixed. In general, the research design is selected by viewing the research aim and core objectives of the study. In a qualitative study, most of the information is obtained through detailed information gathered in the form of non numeric data. While for the quantitative study, it is based on analysing numeric data. In this study, the research aimed at defining the impact of population growth on the indigenous residence of High Wycombe by using both the qualitative and quantitative data. Hence the selected research design for this study was mixed.

Data Collection

Data collection is the process that is based on collecting information relevant to the research aims and objectives decided initially by the researcher. In general, the data can be collected based on two main resources, namely secondary and primary. Primary sources are the first handed data whereas secondary sources are known as second hand data. Primary data can be collected either from surveys or interviews while secondary data collection is done by fetching information from authentic previous articles and databases. In this research study, I have selected both types of data collection due to the fact it will help me analyse a fair and through investigation. I have collected primary information with the help of fieldwork while secondary information is obtained by online statistics and census data based on the High Wycombe population growth. This use of primary data such as interviews were conducted from 5 citizens who were aged between 30 and 35. This particular age group is selected so as they can easily witness for the change in housing and population.

Data Analysis

The analysing techniques are considered as the main aspect related to the interpretation and meeting the core goals of any research study. However, the selection of data analysing techniques is based on the research aim and objectives set by the researcher. In this research, the main aspect is to assess the impact of population growth on the indigenous residence of High Wycombe. For this purpose, both qualitative and quantitative research designs were selected. By keeping this in mind, I have selected critical analysis of both kinds of data obtained from secondary and primary data sources. Quantitative primary data is analysed by interpreting secondary data and visualisation. While qualitative data was obtained through an interview, which was analysed by using content analysis. Reason for choosing quantitative data is to learn more about the behaviours, attitudes, opinions, variables and increasing knowledge about the variables associated with the research. The rationale for choosing it is also the validity and the reliability of the quantitative data collection. The selected research technique is secondary rather than primary to fill out the gaps and deficiencies in the previously presented research.so I intended to enhance the previous knowledge about the research topic in a more defined as valid way. It will help in enhancing the validity of the previously present research. Also, the credibility enhancing perspective is a highly essential factor in choosing the quantitative secondary research. Visualisation provides more in depth knowledge about the research topic as it provides an informative illustration using diagrams, images, graphs or illustrations. Choosing this methodology assists in drawing out the conclusion efficiently and in also contextualising data. Presenting this data allows the people to apply their prior experiences and perceptual and cognitive abilities for drawing out the conclusion and the phenomenon associated with the real world. Simultaneously, the other data used for the research purpose is the qualitative data that describes the feelings, attitudes and behavioural patterns of the individuals involved in the research. This allows for a better approximation and the characterisation of the data. Also, using this methodology is highly effective in determining the frequency, traits, or characteristics of the selected research group.

Investigation Technique

The investigation technique is selected based on the research aim and objectives set by me as the researcher. In this study, I intended to assess the impact of population growth on the indigenous residence of High Wycombe. However, for this aspect, I selected both the qualitative and quantitative datasets for meeting the core goal of this research. In this type of mixed research design, fieldwork investigation suits the situation best. I thereby selected fieldwork investigation technique for evaluating the impact of population growth on the indigenous residence of High Wycombe. The fieldwork investigation can be conducted on three different kinds, namely observation, case study, and interviews. In this study, I selected interviews for conducting my fieldwork investigation, due to the limitation of COVID 19, I was not able to conduct any fieldwork data and hence obtained secondary information related to the changing patterns of residence in High Wycombe.

Types of Field Investigation

In geographical research, field investigation refers to obtaining qualitative information by interpreting peoples views and perception related to any specific area. Ryken et al. (2017) defined field investigations as “They are designed to answer an investigative question through the collection of evidence and the communication of results; they contribute to scientific knowledge by describing natural systems, noting differences in habitats, and identifying environmental trends and issues. However, field investigation can be further divided into three main kinds, namely descriptive, comparative and correlative. The selection of these three types of field investigation is based on the research aim and the nature of research. Descriptive is based on describing the facts and figures of the selected geographical area. Comparative is based on comparing two different populations or two different areas. On the other hand, correlative is based on building or evaluating the relationship between two selected variables. In this study, I selected the third type of field investigation that is correlative, which is based on the impact of the population that is evaluated on the indigenous residence of High Wycombe.

Results and Analysis

Primary Research: Fieldwork Analysis or Qualitative Analysis

The interviewees were first asked about the changes they have observed so far in the High Wycombe. All of the five residents were claiming about the change in infrastructure as they have noticed since the 2000s. One of them highlighted that the town is famous for its furniture industry and within a decade, great transformation in furniture styles was seen. It was then asked how these changes have impacted their lives. In response to this, most of them were explaining the life patterns changes and how it has made daily life routines to be adapted to new changes. The main aim of the research was to explore the impact of population growth on the housing. Therefore, after deriving their so far experience of change in residing locations, directly asked about the changes they observed in population growth. It was indicated by 4 out of 5 participants that they have noticed that older people are more now in their area. On the other hand, one of these five indicated that he has seen an overall increase in population as more people started living in their town than in previous years.

To assess the perception of residing either on a rental property or buying a home, it was asked to compare the current situation with previous 5 to 7 years. All of them were claiming about increment in selling prices. One of them indicated that both renting and buying homes are critical in Wycombe. However, all of them prefer to rent a house instead of buying it these days. Their responses revealed that within a period of 5 to 7 years, the average selling prices of the residential property has increased drastically. To assess the relationship between population growth and residential properties, it was asked them to explain the link. All of the 5 responded that since the population is at an increasing pace, the demand for residential houses is elevating as well. Hence a direct relationship between population growth and selling prices of the indigenous residence has been observed. Therefore, it can be concluded from the responses of participants that population growth has majorly affected the prices of local residential projects in High Wycombe.

Secondary Research: Quantitative Analysis

To assess the growth of population in High Wycombe, several statistical information has been catered from authentic secondary sources. The datasets of residence at High Wycombe and population growth have been taken into keen consideration, starting from the year 2016 and ending in 2019.

The aforementioned table involved the census data for the year 2016 (Buckinghamshire’s demography, 2017). It can be seen for the Wycombe, the total population at that time was 176,868. While looking at the change observed annually, it can be seen that 840 persons were increased per year. This makes the proportion of 0.5 or 50% of the population at that time. This describes the population growth taken place in the Wycombe, which founded to be moderate.

To look at the population based on age group distribution, the dataset and projection done by Buckinghamshire Council (2016) helped to recognise the distribution of the population. Following is the table based on projecting the annual population based on age groups of the people residing in Wycombe.

As of 2012, the total population measured was 173,300 where the population of people under the age bracket of 20 – 64 were in majority. While the second highest majority were persons under 19 and older people were in lesser quantity. Moving towards the year 2014, right after two years, and the population becomes 175,200 measuring the growth of more than 1,500 people annually. While looking at the age wise distribution, the same pattern was found as observed in 2012. Moving towards the year 2016, another 2,000 people were added in the population of Wycombe. This indicates a dramatic growth in population within the period of one to two years. On comparing the population in 2016 and 2019, there is a difference between 3,300 people. However, taking a deep insight on the above table, it can be seen that no other group except people aged above 65 has a drastic increase. It can be seen that older peoples population is the major role player in the population growth of Wycombe, as it indicates the scenario of an ageing population. 

Moving towards the ingenious residence, the following are the data visualisations done by Buckinghamshire Property (2020), which support in assessing the condition of housing during 2016 to 2019.

In 2016, the average selling price for all the housing properties in High Wycombe was 287,600, which experienced a dramatic increase in the year 2019. As of 2019, the average selling price for all the housing properties has risen by 19% by marking an average price of 341,418. To look at the distribution or the roleplay of any particular type of housing, the data is further divided into 4 types, namely detached, semi, terraced and flat housing properties. Among these four, the highest change observed was in flat housing properties that are 24%. Hence it can be stated that flats played a significant role in the increased selling prices in the housing properties at High Wycombe.

The above chart is useful in understanding the change in sales of housing properties in High Wycombe. As seen in the table and chart, obtained from Buckinghamshire Property (2020), there is a huge difference in the sales of detached and terraced houses from 2016 to 2019. However, flat and semi homes also have observed a minor change in demand. As per the statistics displayed above, all the changes are founded to be positive. While the maximum change observed in the homes were 25%. This indicates the fact that the sales in homes are increasing over time within the time frame of 2016 to 2019. 

To understand the price threshold of the residence in High Wycombe, the data based on property selling prices help to indicate the clear differentiation between each properties.  The data was provided by the report published by Buckinghamshire Property (2020), which has mainly emphasised on the change in prices of housing properties. It can be seen from the chart and table that flats have observed prominent change in terms of selling prices. The prices have gone 18% higher from 2016 to 2019, and this takes the highest place in the aforementioned information. Next comes the change in semi housing properties. It can be seen that there is a positive change of 12% in this type of property, which ranks it on the second that has experienced 13% higher selling prices in 2019 than in 2016. Nonetheless, all the changes are positive, which speaks for the fact that selling prices have risen over time and hence considered as evidence for an increasing population as well.

Conclusion

Population growth plays an important role in communities and areas of development as they provide the power to influence developmental change through the economic process. Population growth also showcases an imperative role in promoting the growth of an area where the region is popular. However, population growth in High Wycombe has begun to increase since 1854, following the construction of railways in the area. The construction of a railway in the area allowed people to easily pass through High Wycombe, which also led to overcrowding and migration. In addition, from 1881 to 1928, the population increased from 13,000 to 29,000, which represents an increase of 16,000 in 47 years. This is the number of people who moved to High Wycombe during this period after rail construction and commercial development, which led to the growth of urbanisation.  to High Wycombe are one of the major development initiatives, investing in infrastructure and meeting real  As seen in recent years, residents from London have migrated to High Wycombe as the suburb offers transport links  The High Wycombe has not become the one of a well developed area of the Buckinghamshire because it is the second largest town in Buckinghamshire in terms of population. The cultural heritage places and the economic development are also in the rise in this town and people have migrated from different places in this town to exploit the opportunities presented there.

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