Describing the condition of Malak for her mother

Section 1 Grammar

It must have been so frightening for Malak.        

1. Name of the grammatical structure:

Present continuous, active form (direct speech)

2. Meaning:

2a. The context of this structure which is used in the text is about describing the condition of Malak for her mother. It emphasizes the state of the Malak for her mother. The primary purpose of using the structure is to highlight the status of Malak when her mother was suffering.

2b. Students might face the problem in understanding the min grammar structure, as well they might have a confusion that if Malak faced the situation in the past or she is facing in the present. The mess might occur due to the direct speech.

2c. As there is no past of must and the entire context of the speech is in the present. So, it indicates that Malak is currently suffering from the situation of her mothers illness.

2d. Why is Malak frightened? (Due to her mothers present condition)

Is her mother still suffering? (Yes)

Who discussed the situation of Malak? (Mr. Farrell)

3. Form:

3a. Break down the structure to highlight features of form.

 It + must + have been + frightening + for Malak

Introduction of the subject + Auxillary (present) + present participle + present continuous + object

The indirect form would be:

Mr Farrell said that the condition must have been frightening for Malak.

3b. Describe one problem that students might have with the form of the structure.

      Students might get confused in the differentiation of subject and object.

3c. How would you solve this problem?

     As the object is the one to whom the action is associated, so here the action relates of Malak.

4. Pronunciation:

4a. The stress is placed on the present form i.e. must, rather than the present continuous, which reduced it to the weak form /?fra?t(?)n??/.

4b. I would be marking the stressed words that is must have been and will be drilling the entire sentence while reading it.

In a few years time, well be teaching this life saving skill at school

1. Name of the grammatical structure:

Future continuous active form

2. Meaning:

2a. The use in this case is to emphasize the role to be performed in future, and the focus will be on life saving skills.

2b. students might think that this will be a part of the curriculum, and every student will be learning this.

2c. As it is not clear by the author that they will be implementing it as a compulsory part of the curriculum, and the word hope in the text indicates that author is not sure.

2d. Will it be a compulsory part of curriculum? No.

Is the author sure about the statement? No

Is there are chances that it is a part of curriculum in few years? Yes

3. Form:

3a. In a few years, well + be + teaching+ this life saving skill at school

 Time frame + object, future form + auxiliary verb + continuous tense + subject

3b. students might get confused that it the text is prediction, or is it a sure thing.

3c. hopefully, which is written before the text indicates that it is a prediction.

4. Pronunciation:

4a. the stress is on the auxiliary verb rather than that of the main verb, which makes it a relatively weaker form /w?l/

4b. showing stressed word on board and reading them loud will be helpful.

SECTION 2 Lexis

Girl. 6, shows attending school lessons pays off.

1. Meaning

1a. giving good results after something

1b. students might think of the phrase in literal meaning, which might be that the students have to pay dues or something like this.

1c. I would be clarifying the meaning that pay is not always linked to the money, but the term can also be described as an aftereffect of result of any situation.

1d. if the struggle pays off, does it mean money? No, it is about the results

2. Form

2a. the idiom described here is pays off

The verb here it pays off, and the form of verb is simple present.

2b.  student might get confused in between the part of speech, and might add any preposition.

2c. students must practice using and learning about idioms

3. Pronunciation

3a. /?pe???f/ the stress falls on the verb here like it is the entire meaning of the context. Also the pronunciation of both the words will be difficult for students to learn and they might link both words.

3b. students must pronounce both words separately, highlighting and practising both words.

A girl aged six whose mother collapsed into a diabetic coma has been praised for dialling 999

1. Meaning

1a. condition of feeling down that leads to unconsciousness.

1b. students might think of the meaning in structure rather than in person. The structure meaning is about falling or abandoned result of anything.

1c. I would clarify here that diabetes does not lead to the collapsed or abandoned structure, but it leads to the in person harm in which a person falls.

1d. if some collapsed by low blood pressure, does it means that he is abandoned? No, it means that he fell due to unconsciousness.

2. Form

2a. collapsed is the simple past tense, and the part of speech is a verb.

2b.  students might get confused about the literal meaning and the part of speech.

2c. proper practice and understanding of multiple meanings of a single word is required.

3. Pronunciation

3a. /k??lapst/: the stress falls on the word collapsed rather than that of any other text. As, it is a verb and the meaning of the word is associated to it, so it describes the core meaning.

3b. drill over the word orally to learn about how to pronounce it and to consider its main function in the text. It will help in the indication of part of speech.

Bibliography:

Warriner, J. E. (1986) Warriners English grammar and composition: a complete course. New York, NY: Harcourt, Brace, Jovanovich.

STRUNK, William, J. R. (2018) ELEMENTS OF STYLE WORKBOOK: writing strategies with a grammar book. Place of publication not identified: TIP TOP EDUCATION.

Biber, D., Conrad, S. and Leech, G. N. (2011) Longman student grammar of spoken and written English. Harlow, Essex: Longman.

Swan, M. and Walter, C. (2011) Oxford English grammar course: intermediate: with answers. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Swan, M. (2018). Practical English usage. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Aitken, R. (2002) Teaching Tenses ELB

Eastwood, J. (2008) Oxford Practice Grammar (2nd Edition) Oxford

Murphy, R. (2004) English Grammar in Use (3rd Edition) Cambridge